Proliferative gynecological diseases and vitamin D deficiency: a look at the problem

• Marina B. Khamoshina
• Elena M. Dmitrieva
• Irina S. Zhuravleva
• Yulia S. Artemenko
• Marina G. Lebedeva

Abstract

Proliferative gynecological diseases are a problem far from a final solution. The lifestyle of a modern woman introduces many triggers for the development of these diseases, ranging from reproductive dissonance to eating disorders. Patients with proliferative diseases of the reproductive system are characterized by a lack of a number of nutrients, many of which are able to prevent breakdowns in cell division and differentiation, and thereby prevent the manifestation of the disease or improve its outcome. The latter deservedly include vitamin D and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). It is important that nutritional deficiencies are a potentially manageable risk factor for health, and their leveling in patients with proliferative diseases of the genitals and mammary glands is a mandatory component of therapeutic lifestyle modification.

High-risk women, especially those suffering from obesity, need special attention from a clinician and timely prevention of possible deficiencies in the intake of vitamin D and ω-3 acids.

Keywords:vitamin D; ω-3 fatty acids; benign mammary dysplasia; endometriosis; endometrial hyperplasia; endometrial cancer

REFERENCES

1. URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

2. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/statistic

3. Suplotova L.A., Avdeeva V.A., Pigarova E.A., et al. Vitamin D deficiency in Russia: the first results of a registered, non-interventional study of the frequency of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in various geographic regions of the country. Problemy Endokrinologii [Problems of Endocrinology]. 2021; 67 (2): 84–92. (in Russian) DOI: https://doi.org/10.14341/probl12736 (in Russian)

4. Karonova T.L., Grineva E.N., Nikitina I.L., et al. The level of vitamin D provision of residents of the North-Western region of the Russian Federation (St Petersburg and Petrozavodsk). Osteoporoz i osteopatii [Osteoporosis and Osteopathy]. 2013; (3): 3–7. (in Russian)

5. Markova T.N., Markov D.S., Markelova T.N., et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and risk factors for osteoporosis in young people. Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Chuvash University]. 2012; 234 (3): 441–6. (in Russian)

6. Agureeva O.V., Zhabreva T.O., Skvortsova E.A., et al. Analysis of vitamin D levels in the blood serum of patients in the Rostov region. Osteoporoz i osteopatii [Osteoporosis and Osteopathy]. 2016; 19 (2): 47. (in Russian)

7. Borisenko E.P., Romantsova E.B., Babtseva A.F. Provision of vitamin D for children and adults of the Amur region. Byulleten’ fiziologii i patologii dykhaniya [Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration]. 2016; 9 (60): 57–61. (in Russian)

8. Malyavskaya S.I., Kostrova G.N., Lebedev A.V., et al. Vitamin D levels in representatives of various population groups of the city of Arkhangelsk. Ekologiya cheloveka [Human Ecology]. 2018; 356 (1): 60–4. (in Russian)

9. Nurlygayanov R.Z., Syrtlanova E.R. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in persons over 50 years of age, permanently residing in the Republic of Bashkortostan, during the period of maximum insolation. Osteoporoz i osteopatii [Osteoporosis and Osteopathy]. 2012; (3): 7–9. (in Russian)

10. Nurlygayanov R.Z., Syrtlanova E.R., Minasov T.B., Borisov I.V. Vitamin D level in persons over 50 years of age, permanently residing in the Republic of Bashkortostan, during the period of maximum insolation. Osteoporoz i osteopatii [Osteoporosis and Osteopathy]. 2015; (1): 7–9. (in Russian)

11. Spasich T.A., Lemeshevskaya E.P., Reshetnik L.A., et al. Hygienic significance of vitamin D deficiency in the population of the Irkutsk region and ways of its prevention. Byulleten’ VSNTs SO RAMN [Bulletin of the All-Russian Eastern-Siberian Scientific Center the Siberian Department of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences]. 2014; 100 (6): 44–7. (in Russian)

12. Khazova E.L., Shirinyan L.V., Zazerskaya I.E., et al. Seasonal fluctuations in the level of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in pregnant women living in St Petersburg. Ginekologiya [Gynecology]. 2015; 17 (4): 38–42. (in Russian)

13. Pigarova E.A., Rozhinskaya L.Ya., Katamadze N.N., et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among the population living in various regions of the Russian Federation: results of the 1st stage of a multicenter cross-sectional randomized study. Osteoporoz i osteopatii [Osteoporosis and Osteopathy]. 2021; 23 (4): 4–12. (in Russian)

14. URL: https://renewbariatrics.com/obesity-rank-by-countries/

15. Khamoshina M.B., Ryabova V.A. Should there be many good people? StatusPraesens. Ginekologiya. Akusherstvo. Besplodniy brak [StatusPraesens. Gynecology. Obstetrics. Barren Marriage]. 2018; 6 (53): 85–93. (in Russian)

16. Cordeiro A., Santos A., Bernardes M., et al. Vitamin D metabolism in human adipose tissue: could it explain low vitamin D status in obesity? Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig. 2017; 33 (2): /j/hmbci.2018.33.issue-2/hmbci-2017-0003/hmbci-2017-0003.xml. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2017-0003

17. Limanova O.A., Gromova O.A., Torshin I.Yu. and coauthors. Low consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of various diseases in women of reproductive age. Russkiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. Pediatriya [Russian Medical Journal. Pediatrics]. 2017. URL: https://www.rmj.ru/articles/ginekologiya/nizkoe-potreblenie-omega-3-polinenasyshchennykh-zhirnykh-kislot-i-risk-razlichnykh-zabolevaniy-u-zhe/ (in Russian)

18. Shagina V.N., Blokhina I.I., Serov I.S. The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the reproductive health of the female body. Molodoy uchoniy [Young Scientist]. 2020; (35): 34–5. (in Russian)

19. Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Clinical recommendations from 2021 «Normal pregnancy». URL: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/288_1 (date of access December 27, 2022) (in Russian)

20. Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Clinical recommendations from 2021 «Menopause and menopausal condition in women». Access mode: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/117_2. Date of application: 20.12.2022. URL: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/117_2 (date of access December 20, 2022) (in Russian)

21. Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Clinical recommendations from 2021 «Vitamin D deficiency». URL: https://www.endocrincentr.ru/sites/default/files/specialists/science/clinic-recomendations/kr_deficit_vitamina_d_2021.pdf (date of access December 27, 2022) (in Russian)

22. Pludowski P., Holick M.F., Grant W.B., et al. Vitamin D supplementation guidelines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2018; 175: 125–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.01.021

23. Carlberg C. Vitamin D in the context of evolution. Nutrients. 2022; 14 (15): 3018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14153018 PMID: 35893872; PMCID: PMC9332464.

24. Henn M., Martin-Gorgojo V., Martin-Moreno J.M. Vitamin D in cancer prevention: Gaps in current knowledge and room for hope. Nutrients. 2022; 14 (21): 4512. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214512

25. Grant W.B., Boucher B.J., Al Anouti F., Pilz S. Comparing the evidence from observational studies and randomized controlled trials for nonskeletal health effects of vitamin D. Nutrients. 2022; 14 (18): 3811. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14183811

26. Muñoz A., Grant W.B. Vitamin D and cancer: An historical overview of the epidemiology and mechanisms. Nutrients. 2022; 14 (7): 1448. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14071448

27. Zhang Y., Fang F., Tang J., et al. Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2019; 366: l4673. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4673

28. McDonnell S.L., Baggerly C.A., French C.B., et al. Breast cancer risk markedly lower with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations ≥60 vs <20 ng/ml (150 vs 50 nmol/L): Pooled analysis of two randomized trials and a prospective cohort. PLoS One. 2018; 13 (6): e0199265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199265

29. Mohammadi R., Tabrizi R., Hessami K., et al. Correlation of low serum vitamin-D with uterine leiomyoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2020; 18 (1): 85.

30. Qiu Y., Yuan S., Wang H. Vitamin D status in endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2020; 302 (1): 141–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-020-05576-5

31. Orazov M.R., Radzinsky V.E., Khamoshina M.B., et al. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and pelvic pain induced by ovarian endometriosis. Trudniy patsient [Difficult Patient]. 2018; 16 (4): 34–9. (in Russian)

32. Zatvornitskaya A.V. Features of vitamin D status and expression of vitamin D receptors in the uterine mucosa in patients with endometrial hyperplasia associated with chronic endometritis. Vestnik soveta molodykh uchenykh i spetsialistov Chelyabinskoy oblasti [Bulletin of the Council of Young Scientists and Specialists of the Chelyabinsk Region]. 2019; 2 (2): 24–8. (in Russian)

33. Tomio K., Kawana K., Taguchi A., et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress the cystic lesion formation of peritoneal endometriosis in transgenic mouse models. PLoS One. 2013; 8 (9): e73085.

34. Missmer S.A., Chavarro J.E., Malspeis S., et al. A prospective study of dietary fat consumption and endometriosis risk. Hum Reprod. 2010; 25 (6): 1528–35.

35. Jurkiewicz-Przondziono J., Lemm M., Kwiatkowska-Pamuła A., et al. Influence of diet on the risk of developing endometriosis. Ginekol Pol. 2017; 88 (2): 96–102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/GP.a2017.0017

36. Bikle D.D. Vitamin D: Production, Metabolism and Mechanisms of Action. In: K.R. Feingold, B. Anawalt, A. Boyce, et al. (eds). Endotext South Dartmouth, MA: MDText.com, Inc., December 31, 2021.

37. Chang S.W., Lee H.C. Vitamin D and health – the missing vitamin in humans. Pediatr Neonatol. 2019; 60 (3): 237–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2019.04.007

38. Szymczak-Pajor I., Drzewoski J., Śliwińska A. The molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D prevents insulin resistance and associated disorders. Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21 (18): 6644. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186644

39. Niroomand M., Fotouhi A., Irannejad N., Hosseinpanah F. Does high-dose vitamin D supplementation impact insulin resistance and risk of development of diabetes in patients with pre-diabetes? A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2019; 148: 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2018.12.008

40. Zarei M., Zarezadeh M., Hamedi Kalajahi F., Javanbakht M.H. The relationship between vitamin D and telomere/telomerase: A comprehensive review. J Frailty Aging. 2021; 10 (1): 2–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2020.33

41. Ciulei G., Orasan O.H., Coste S.C., et al. Vitamin D and the insulin-like growth factor system: Implications for colorectal neoplasia. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020; 50 (9): e13265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13265

42. Carlberg C., Muñoz A. An update on vitamin D signaling and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol. 2022; 79: 217–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.018

43. Deuster E., Jeschke U., Ye Y., et al. Vitamin D and VDR in gynecological cancers: A systematic review. Int J Mol Sci. 2017; 18 (11): 2328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112328

44. Yan L., Gu Y., Luan T., et al. Associations between serum vitamin D and the risk of female reproductive tumors: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018; 97 (15): e0360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000010360

45. Román M., Louro J., Posso M., et al. Breast density, benign breast disease, and risk of breast cancer over time. Eur Radiol. 2021; 31 (7): 4839–47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-07490-5

46. Mal’tseva L.I., Garifullova Yu.V., Kalinkina M.G. The role of vitamin D in reducing breast density in women with diffuse mastopathy. Prakticheskaya meditsina [Practical Medicine]. 2018; (6): 111–7. (in Russian)

47. Cermisoni G.C., Alteri A., Corti L., et al. Vitamin D and endometrium: A systematic review of a neglected area of research. Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 19 (8): 2320. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19082320

48. Nigam A., Frasure-Smith N., Lespérance F., Julien P. Relationship between n-3 and n-6 plasma fatty acid levels and insulin resistance in coronary patients with and without metabolic syndrome. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2009; 19 (4): 264–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2008.07.008

49. Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. All-Russian public organization «Russian Society of Oncomammologists». Russian Association of Mammologists. Clinical recommendations «Benign breast dysplasia». Approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 2020: 77 p. (in Russian)

50. Mal’tseva L.I., Garifullova Yu.V. The role of vitamin D provision in the formation of risk and progression of mastopathy in women. Prakticheskaya meditsina [Practical Medicine]. 2016; 1 (93): 58–62. (in Russian)

51. Płudowski P., Karczmarewicz E., Bayer M., et al. Practical guidelines for the supplementation of vitamin D and the treatment of deficits in Central Europe – recommended vitamin D intakes in the general population and groups at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Endokrynol Pol. 2013; 64 (4): 319–27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/ep.2013.0012

52. Cesareo R., Attanasio R., Caputo M., et al.; AME and Italian AACE Chapter. Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME) and Italian Chapter of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) Position Statement: Clinical management of vitamin D deficiency in adults. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (5): 546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10050546

53. Mansouri M., Abasi R., Nasiri M., et al. Association of vitamin D status with metabolic syndrome and its components: A cross-sectional study in a population of high educated Iranian adults. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2018; 12 (3): 393–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2018.01.007

54. Oh D.Y., Talukdar S., Bae E.J., et al. GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. Cell. 2010; 142 (5): 687–98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.07.041

55. Yang K., Zeng L., Bao T., Ge J. Effectiveness of Omega-3 fatty acid for polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018; 16 (1): 27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-018-0346-x

56. URL: https://portal.eaeunion.org/sites/odata/_layouts/15/Portal.EEC.Registry.UI/DisplayForm.aspx?ItemId=10873755&ListId=f7954aaa-b57b-429e-8f39-b7e3158c88d6

57. Marchenkova L.A., Makarova E.V., Yurova O.V. The role of micronutrients in the comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with the novelcoronavirus infection COVID-19. Voprosy pitaniia [Problems of Nutrition]. 2021; 90 (2): 40–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/0042-8833-2021-90-2-40-49 (in Russian)

58. URL: https://apteka.ru/product/detrimarin-60-sht-kapsuly-massoj-700-mg-603ccc7b8252e4658d1dfe49/?q=детримарин

ЛИТЕРАТУРА

1. URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

2. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/statistic

3. Суплотова Л.А., Авдеева В.А., Пигарова Е.А. и др. Дефицит витамина D в России: первые результаты регистрового неинтервенционного исследования частоты дефицита и недостаточности витамина D в различных географических регионах страны // Проблемы эндокринологии. 2021. Т. 67, № 2. P. 84-92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14341/probl12736

4. Каронова Т.Л., Гринева Е.Н., Никитина И.Л. и др. Уровень обеспеченности витамином D жителей Северо-Западного региона РФ (г. Санкт-Петербург и г. Петрозаводск) // Остеопороз и остеопатии. 2013. № 3. С. 3-7.

5. Маркова Т.Н., Марков Д.С., Маркелова Т.Н. и др. Распространенность дефицита витамина D и факторов риска остеопороза у лиц молодого возраста // Вестник Чувашского университета. 2012. Т. 234, № 3. С. 441-446.

6. Агуреева О.В., Жабрева Т.О., Скворцова Е.А. и др. Анализ уровня витамина D в сыворотке крови пациентов в Ростовской области // Остеопороз и остеопатии. 2016. Т. 19, № 2. С. 47.

7. Борисенко Е.П., Романцова Е.Б., Бабцева А.Ф. Обеспеченность витамином D детского и взрослого населения Амурской области // Бюллетень физиологии и патологии дыхания. 2016. Т. 9, № 60. С. 57-61.

8. Малявская С.И., Кострова Г.Н., Лебедев А.В. и др. Уровни витамина D у представителей различных групп населения города Архангельска // Экология человека. 2018. Т. 356, № 1. С. 60-64.

9. Нурлыгаянов Р.З., Сыртланова Э.Р. Распространенность дефицита витамина D у лиц старше 50 лет, постоянно проживающих в республике Башкоротостан, в период максимальной инсоляции // Остеопороз и остеопатии. 2012. № 3. С. 7-9.

10. Нурлыгаянов Р.З., Сыртланова Э.Р., Минасов Т.Б., Борисов И.В. Уровень витамина D у лиц старше 50 лет, постоянно проживающих в республике Башкоротостан, в период максимальной инсоляции // Остеопороз и остеопатии. 2015. № 1. С. 7-9.

11. Спасич Т.А., Лемешевская Е.П., Решетник Л.А. и др. Гигиеническое значение дефицита витамина D у населения Иркутской области и пути его профилактики // Бюллетень ВСНЦ СО РАМН. 2014. Т. 100, № 6. С. 44-47.

12. Хазова Е.Л., Ширинян Л.В., Зазерская И.Е. и др. Сезонные колебания уровня 25- гидроксихолекальциферола у беременных, проживающих в Санкт-Петербурге // Гинекология. 2015. Т. 17, № 4. С. 38-42.

13. Пигарова Е.А., Рожинская Л.Я., Катамадзе Н.Н. и др. Распространенность дефицита и недостаточности витамина D среди населения, проживающего в различных регионах Российской Федерации: результаты 1-го этапа многоцентрового поперечного рандомизированного исследования // Остеопороз и остеопатии. 2021. Т. 23, № 4. С. 4-12.

14. URL: https://renewbariatrics.com/obesity-rank-by-countries/

15. Хамошина М.Б., Рябова В.А. Должно ли хорошего человека быть много? // StatusPraesens. Гинекология, акушерство, бесплодный брак. 2018. Т. 6, № 53. С. 85-93.

16. Cordeiro A., Santos A., Bernardes M. et al. Vitamin D metabolism in human adipose tissue: could it explain low vitamin D status in obesity? // Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Investig. 2017. Vol. 33, N 2. pii: /j/hmbci.2018.33.issue-2/hmbci-2017-0003/hmbci-2017-0003.xml. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2017-0003

17. Лиманова О.А., Громова О.А., Торшин И.Ю. и др. Низкое потребление омега-3 полиненасыщенных жирных кислот и риск различных заболеваний у женщин репродуктивного возраста // Русский медицинский журнал. 2017. URL: https://www.rmj.ru/articles/ginekologiya/nizkoe-potreblenie-omega-3-polinenasyshc-hennykh-zhirnykh-kislot-i-risk-razlichnykh-zabolevaniy-u-zhe/

18. Шагина В.Н., Блохина И.И., Серов И.С. Роль омега-3 полиненасыщенных жирных кислот в репродуктивном здоровье женского организма // Молодой ученый. 2020. № 35. С. 34-35.

19. Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Клинические рекомендации от 2021 г. "Нормальная беременность". URL: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/288_1 (дата обращения: 27.12.2022)

20. Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Клинические рекомендации от 2021 г. "Менопауза и климактерическое состояние у женщин". URL: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/117_2 (дата обращения: 20.12.2022)

21. Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Клинические рекомендации от 2021 г. "Дефицит витамина D". URL: https://www.endocrincentr.ru/sites/default/files/specialists/science/clinic-recomendations/kr_deficit_vitamina_d_2021.pdf (дата обращения: 20.12.2022)

22. Pludowski P., Holick M.F., Grant W.B. et al. Vitamin D supplementation guidelines // J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2018. Vol. 175. P. 125-135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.01.021

23. Carlberg C. Vitamin D in the context of evolution // Nutrients. 2022. Vol. 14, N 15. P. 3018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14153018 PMID: 35893872; PMCID: PMC9332464.

24. Henn M., Martin-Gorgojo V., Martin-Moreno J.M. Vitamin D in cancer prevention: Gaps in current knowledge and room for hope // Nutrients. 2022. Vol. 14, N 21. P. 4512. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214512

25. Grant W.B., Boucher B.J., Al Anouti F., Pilz S. Comparing the evidence from observational studies and randomized controlled trials for nonskeletal health effects of vitamin D // Nutrients. 2022. Vol. 14, N 18. P. 3811. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14183811

26. Muñoz A., Grant W.B. Vitamin D and cancer: An historical overview of the epidemiology and mechanisms // Nutrients. 2022. Vol. 14, N 7. P. 1448. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14071448

27. Zhang Y., Fang F., Tang J. et al. Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis // BMJ. 2019. Vol. 366. P. l4673. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4673

28. McDonnell S.L., Baggerly C.A., French C.B. et al. Breast cancer risk markedly lower with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations ≥60 vs <20 ng/ml (150 vs 50 nmol/L): Pooled analysis of two randomized trials and a prospective cohort // PLoS One. 2018. Vol. 13, N 6. Article ID e0199265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199265

29. Mohammadi R., Tabrizi R., Hessami K. et al. Correlation of low serum vitamin-D with uterine leiomyoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis // Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 2020. Vol. 18, N 1. P. 85.

30. Qiu Y., Yuan S., Wang H. Vitamin D status in endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis // Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 2020. Vol. 302, N 1. P. 141-152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-020-05576-5

31. Оразов М.Р., Радзинский В.Е., Хамошина М.Б. и др. Витамин D3 (холекальциферол) и тазовая боль, индуцированная эндометриозом яичников // Трудный пациент. 2018. Т. 16, № 4. С. 34-39.

32. Затворницкая А.В. Особенности статуса витамина D и экспрессии рецепторов к витамину D в слизистой оболочке матки у пациенток с гиперплазией эндометрия, ассоциированной с хроническим эндометритом // Вестник совета молодых ученых и специалистов Челябинской области. 2019. Т. 2, № 2. С. 24-38.

33. Tomio K., Kawana K., Taguchi A. et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress the cystic lesion formation of peritoneal endometriosis in transgenic mouse models // PLoS One. 2013. Vol. 8, N 9. Article ID e73085.

34. Missmer S.A., Chavarro J.E., Malspeis S. et al. A prospective study of dietary fat consumption and endometriosis risk // Hum. Reprod. 2010. Vol. 25, N 6. P. 1528-1535.

35. Jurkiewicz-Przondziono J., Lemm M., Kwiatkowska-Pamuła A. et al. Influence of diet on the risk of developing endometriosis // Ginekol. Pol. 2017. Vol. 88, N 2. P. 96-102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/GP.a2017.0017

36. Bikle D.D. Vitamin D: Production, Metabolism and Mechanisms of Action // Endotext / eds K.R. Feingold, B. Anawalt, A. Boyce et al. South Dartmouth, MA : MDText.com, Inc., December 31, 2021.

37. Chang S.W., Lee H.C. Vitamin D and health - the missing vitamin in humans // Pediatr. Neonatol. 2019. Vol. 60, N 3. P. 237-244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2019.04.007

38. Szymczak-Pajor I., Drzewoski J., Śliwińska A. The molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D prevents insulin resistance and associated disorders // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020. Vol. 21, N 18. P. 6644. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186644

39. Niroomand M., Fotouhi A., Irannejad N., Hosseinpanah F. Does high-dose vitamin D supplementation impact insulin resistance and risk of development of diabetes in patients with pre-diabetes? A double-blind randomized clinical trial // Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 2019. Vol. 148. P. 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2018.12.008

40. Zarei M., Zarezadeh M., Hamedi Kalajahi F., Javanbakht M.H. The relationship between vitamin D and telomere/telomerase: A comprehensive review // J. Frailty Aging. 2021. Vol. 10, N 1. P. 2-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2020.33

41. Ciulei G., Orasan O.H., Coste S.C. et al. Vitamin D and the insulin-like growth factor system: Implications for colorectal neoplasia // Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2020. Vol. 50, N 9. Article ID e13265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.13265

42. Carlberg C., Muñoz A. An update on vitamin D signaling and cancer // Semin. Cancer Biol. 2022. Vol. 79. P. 217-230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.018

43. Deuster E., Jeschke U., Ye Y. et al. Vitamin D and VDR in gynecological cancers: A systematic review // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017. Vol. 18, N 11. P. 2328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18112328

44. Yan L., Gu Y., Luan T. et al. Associations between serum vitamin D and the risk of female reproductive tumors: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis // Medicine (Baltimore). 2018. Vol. 97, N 15. P. e0360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000010360

45. Román M., Louro J., Posso M. et al. Breast density, benign breast disease, and risk of breast cancer over time // Eur. Radiol. 2021. Vol. 31, N 7. P. 4839-4847. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-07490-5

46. Мальцева Л.И., Гарифуллова Ю.В., Калинкина М.Г. Роль витамина D в снижении плотности молочных желез у женщин с диффузной формой мастопатии // Практическая медицина. 2018. № 6. С. 111-117.

47. Cermisoni G.C., Alteri A., Corti L. et al. Vitamin D and endometrium: A systematic review of a neglected area of research // Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018. Vol. 19, N 8. P. 2320. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19082320

48. Nigam A., Frasure-Smith N., Lespérance F., Julien P. Relationship between n-3 and n-6 plasma fatty acid levels and insulin resistance in coronary patients with and without metabolic syndrome // Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2009. Vol. 19, N 4. P. 264-270. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2008.07.008

49. Российское общество акушеров-гинекологов. Общероссийская общественная организация "Российское общество онкомаммологов". Российская Ассоциация Маммологов. Клинические рекомендации "Доброкачественная дисплазия молочной железы". Одобрено Научно-практическим Советом Минздрава РФ. 2020. 77 с.

50. Мальцева Л.И., Гарифуллова Ю.В. Роль обеспеченности витамином D в формировании риска и прогрессирования мастопатии у женщин // Практическая медицина. 2016. № 1 (93). С. 58-62.

51. Płudowski P., Karczmarewicz E., Bayer M. et al. Practical guidelines for the supplementation of vitamin D and the treatment of deficits in Central Europe - recommended vitamin D intakes in the general population and groups at risk of vitamin D deficiency // Endokrynol. Pol. 2013. Vol. 64, N 4. P. 319-327. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/ep.2013.0012

52. Cesareo R., Attanasio R., Caputo M. et al.; AME and Italian AACE Chapter. Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME) and Italian Chapter of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) Position Statement: Clinical management of vitamin D deficiency in adults // Nutrients. 2018. Vol. 10, N 5. P. 546. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10050546

53. Mansouri M., Abasi R., Nasiri M. et al. Association of vitamin D status with metabolic syndrome and its components: A cross-sectional study in a population of high educated Iranian adults // Diabetes Metab. Syndr. 2018. Vol. 12, N 3. P. 393-398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2018.01.007

54. Oh D.Y., Talukdar S., Bae E.J. et al. GPR120 is an omega-3 fatty acid receptor mediating potent anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects // Cell. 2010. Vol. 142, N 5. P. 687-698. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.07.041

55. Yang K., Zeng L., Bao T., Ge J. Effectiveness of Omega-3 fatty acid for polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis // Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol. 2018. Vol. 16, N 1. P. 27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-018-0346-x

56. URL: https://portal.eaeunion.org/sites/odata/_layouts/15/Portal.EEC.Registry.UI/DisplayForm.aspx?ItemId=10873755&ListId=f7954aaa-b57b-429e-8f39-b7e3158c88d6

57. Марченкова Л.А., Макарова Е.В., Юрова О.В. Роль микронутриентов в комплексной реабилитации пациентов с новой коронавирусной инфекцией СOVID-19 // Вопросы питания. 2021. Т. 90, № 2. С. 40-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/0042-8833-2021-90-2-40-49

58. URL: https://apteka.ru/product/detrimarin-60-sht-kapsuly-massoj-700-mg-603ccc7b8252e4658d1dfe49/?q=детримарин

All articles in our journal are distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International)