New approaches to nutritional management of pregnancy: focus on choline

• Gromova O.A.
• Ivan Yu. Torshin
• Nana K. Tetruashvili

Abstract

Choline is an underutilized and grossly underestimated micronutrient for nutritional support of pregnancy. For the majority of pregnant women, choline synthesized in the body is catastrophically insufficient to provide the mother-placenta-fetus system. The paper presents the results of a systematic computer analysis of 4925 publications on the pharmacology of choline in pregnant women, carried out by methods of topological and metric data analysis. The molecular mechanisms of action of choline, the participation of choline in maintaining the function of placental vessels, the role of choline in the prevention of congenital malformations of the fetal nervous system are described. The long-term consequences of choline deficiency during pregnancy, the prospects for choline compensation for excess consumption of fats or alcohol during pregnancy are considered. Choline, omega-3 PUFAs (primarily docosahexaenoic acid), lutein, folate, and other micronutrients are essential for neural tube closure in early pregnancy. Adequate intake of choline and its synergistic micronutrients during the II and III trimester contributes to the normal development of memory and cognitive abilities in the child. In general, regular supplementation of choline and its synergists during pregnancy contributes to a significant improvement in the health of both mother and child.

Keywords:choline; group B vitamins; micronutrient support of pregnancy; Femibion Natalker; long-term effects of micronutrients; neuromorphogenesis

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