Influence of the vaginal and intestinal microbiota of a pregnant woman on course of postpartum period
AbstractThe aim of the study was to analyze the composition of the vaginal and intestinal microbiota of a woman at the end of the third trimester of pregnancy, followed by an assessment of the relationship between dysbiotic disorders and the development of infectious and inflammatory processes in the postpartum period.
Material and methods. The prospective study included 160 pregnant women with a gestational age of 37–40 weeks. Subsequently, the puerperas were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (main) – 38 women who developed postpartum infectious complications and Group 2 (control) – 122 women with uncomplicated postpartum period. All women underwent collection of intestinal and vaginal discharge to identify the full spectrum of microorganisms. Microbiological monitoring was carried out in the first stage of labor with intact fetal membranes (vaginal microbiota) and in the third stage of labor (intestinal microbiota) using a comprehensive microbiological analysis of samples of the vaginal and intestinal microbiota using the culturemic method with the identification of all isolated microorganisms by MALDI-TOF-MS analysis.
Results. Differences in the intestinal and vaginal microbiota were determined in groups of puerperas with infectious and inflammatory complications in the postpartum period and in women with a normal postpartum period. In puerperas, infectious and inflammatory complications developed in the postpartum period in the vaginal microbiota were more often detected Enterococcus faecalis (44.7 and 3.3%; p<0.05), Escherichia coli (52.6 and 3.3%; p<0.05), Streptococcus agalactiae (26.3 and 0.8%; p<0.05) and less often Lactobacillus spp. (86.8 and 13.1%; p<0.05), in the intestinal microbiota were less frequently determined Lactobacillus (71.7 and 43.4%; p<0.05), Bifidobacterium (92.1 and 50.0%; p<0.05), Bacteroides (84.2 and 44.3%; p<0.05) compared with women occurs without complications.
Conclusion. The results of a comprehensive microbiological analysis of the vaginal and intestinal microbiota of a pregnant woman make it possible to predict the course of the postpartum period and reduce the risks of adverse outcomes in puerperas.
Keywords:microbiota; postpartum complications; opportunistic microorganisms; microbiome; infectious and inflammatory complications
Contribution: The concept and design of the study – Kozlova A.A., Nikolaeva A.V.; сollection and processing of materials – Kozlova A.A., Akhmedova Z.F., Kirillova E.D., Cherdantseva Yu.E.; general guidance – Nikolaeva A.V., Priputnevich T.V., Meshalkina I.V., Baranov I.I.; analysis of data and results, writing the text of the article – Priputnevich T.V., Kozlova A.A., Denisov P.A., Muravyova V.V.
Funding. The study had no sponsor support.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
For citation: Kozlova A.A., Priputnevich T.V., Nikolaeva A.V., Baranov I.I., Meshalkina I.V., Akhmedova Z.F., Denisov P.A., Muravieva V.V., Kirillova E.D., Cherdantseva Yu.E. Influence of the vaginal and intestinal microbiota of a pregnant woman on course of postpartum period. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Obstetrics and Gynecology: News, Opinions, Training]. 2023; 11 (2): 13–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2303-9698-2023-11-2-13-19 (in Russian)
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