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1 . 2023

Sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infected patients who applied for an in vitro fertilization program

Abstract

Aim of the study – to study the socio-demographic and epidemiological data of HIV-infected patients who applied for an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program.

Material and methods. In the period from 2015 to 2022 on the basis of the Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the Federal State Budgetary Institution NMIC AGP named after IN AND. Kulakov conducted a survey of 436 patients with HIV infection who applied for an IVF program. The survey included 214 (49%) women and 222 (51%) men who tested positive for HIV.

Results. HIV infection in women was detected at a younger age than in men [26.5 years (22; 30) and 29 years (25; 30), respectively; p=0.0001]. In 5.7% of cases (25 out of 436) HIV infection was diagnosed during the examination of a married couple at the stage of pregnancy planning, in 9.4% (41 out of 436) – with established infertility and in 10.3% (45 out of 436) – during the examination before the IVF program. HIV infection immediately before the IVF program was found more often in men (13.5%) than in women (7%; p=0.026). Women [149 out of 214 (69.6%)] reported significantly more often (p=0.0001) than men [101 out of 222 (45.5%)] the sexual route of HIV infection. In contrast, men are significantly more likely [51 out of 222 (23%)] than women 22 out of 214 (10.3%) reported injecting drug use as the cause of HIV infection (p=0.0001). Most of the respondents (52.3%) had higher education and a third (33.5%) had specialized secondary education 97 out of 436 (22.2%) people living with HIV were not employed or had odd jobs. Many patients (20.6%) had their own business and/or held senior positions, others worked in medicine (5%) and education (2.7%). In 10.6% (36 out of 339) cases they were lawyers, in 10.3% (35 out of 336) are economists, and 16.2% (55 out of 339) of patients had various working professions. 97.9% [427 out of 436) of patients had an official or unregistered marriage. In 86.4% (377 out of 436) of observations, the HIV status of the partner was negative.70 of 436 (16.1%) couples had children, 11.7% (51 of 436) of observations were born before HIV-positive status and only 5% (22 of 436) – after detection of HIV infection (p=0.0001).

Conclusion. The majority of HIV-infected people, both men and women, had a higher or specialized secondary education, took an active social position, working in all spheres of activity. HIV infection in women was detected at a younger age than in men. In men, more often than in women, HIV was diagnosed during the examination immediately before the IVF program, which indicates insufficient attention to the examination of men when couples apply at the stage of pregnancy planning or with established infertility. In infertile patients, one should strive for an earlier examination and detection of HIV infection, since late diagnosis of the disease, especially at an older reproductive age, will lead to a delayed assisted reproductive technologies, thereby reducing their effectiveness.

Keywords:HIV; in vitro fertilization; men; women; infertility; assisted reproductive technologies

Funding. The study had no sponsor support.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

For citation: Mityurina E.V., Perminova S.G, Baranov I.I. Sociodemographic and epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infected patients who applied for an in vitro fertilization program. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Obstetrics and Gynecology: News, Opinions, Training]. 2023; 11 (1): 6–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2303-9698-2023-11-1-6-11 (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITORS
CHIEF EDITOR
Sukhikh Gennadii Tikhonovich
Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, V.I. Kulakov Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology National Medical Research Center of Ministry of Healthсаre of the Russian Federation, Moscow
CHIEF EDITOR
Kurtser Mark Arkadievich
Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Professor, Head of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Subdepartment of the Pediatric Department, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Scientific Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
CHIEF EDITOR
Radzinsky Viktor Evseevich
Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Professor, Head of the Subdepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Course of Perinatology of the Medical Department in the Russian People?s Friendship University

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