Preterm labour: clinical and anamnestic features of representatives of the Russian and Tuva ethnoses

• Olga V. Remneva
• Nellya M. Hovalyg
• Olga V. Kolyado

Abstract

The aim of the study is to perform clinical and anamnestic comparison of women of Russian and Tuvan etnicity with different clinical phenotypes of early preterm birth.

Material and methods. One-moment bicentric study was performed in regionally identical entities of Russian Federation, with different entnicities and population density - the Altai Territory and the Tyva Republic. The study included 357 women with preterm birth in 28-33.6 weeks of gestation, divided into four groups according to ethnicity and clinical phenotype of premature birth (PB). A comparative characteristics of socio-demographic and medico-biological factors, and complex assessment of the functional system "mother-placenta-fetus" has been performed in all of the patients.

Results. As a result of the study, it was found that women of Tuvan ethnicity with spontaneous PB had twice more higher rate of urinary tract diseases, cervical pathologies 3.7 times more, and chronic inflammatory processes of genitalia 4.3 times more than Russian women. It was associated with high frequency of threaten abortions and placental dysfunction realized in polyhydroamnionis and fetal growth retard (FGR) in this group of patients. In contrast, Russian women were twice more likely to have otolaryngological infections, 2.5 times more - endocrinopathies, and 3.9 times more artificial abortions in obstetric history. These disorderdes have realised in primary placental insufficiency in this group, manifestated in olygohydroamnionis and placental circulation disorders of II degree. Regardless of the clinical phenotype of the PR, Tuvan women were more likely to experience anaemia and urinary tract infections than Russian women

Conclusion. The clinical and anamnestic differences between the patients of the matched ethnic groups with spontaneous and induced premature births make possible to use differentiated approach to the subsequent pregnancies planning.

Keywords:preterm labour, Russian and Tuva ethnos, clinical and anamnestic features

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