Genetic aspects of diabetic fetopathy

• Papysheva Olga V.
• Mayatskaya Tatyana A.

Abstract

Aim – to identify the involvement of PGC1α, АСЕ and DRD₂ gene polymorphisms in the development of diabetic fetopathy and carbohydrate metabolism disorders in newborns from mothers with GDM.

Material and methods. We examined 107 pregnant women and their newborns, which are divided into 3 groups: I – insulin treated GDM (37), II – diet controlled gestational DM (39), III – control (31). All were genotyped for the PGC1α, АСЕ and DRD₂ genes, and the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism were studied.

Results. PGC1α, АСЕ and DRD₂ gene polymorphisms were involved in disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, but did not allow to identify the type of diabetes (insulin treated or diet controlled) and did not affect the development of diabetic fetopathy (DF). Diabetogenic alleles G (PGC1α gene), I (АСЕ) and T (DRD₂) were less common in children with DF than without it. The levels of HbA_1c was maximally decreased in the foetuses of the diabetogenic Gly/Gly genotype for the PGC1α gene, compared with Gly/Ser and Ser/Ser carriers.

Conclusion. PGC1α, АСЕ and DRD2 gene polymorphisms are involved in disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women. Diabetogenic alleles G (PGC1α gene), I (АСЕ) and T (DRD₂) of the fetus perform a protective function at the prenatal stage of development.

Keywords:gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetic fetopathy, PGCla, АСЕ, DRD2

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