Features of lipid profile of newborns born from pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus

• Papysheva Olga V.
• Mayatskaya Tatyana A.

Abstract

Aim - to assess the lipid profile of newborns born from pregnancies complicated by various types of diabetes mellitus.

Material and methods. We examined 100 pregnant women and their newborns, which are divided into 6 groups: I - type 1 diabetes (11 pair), II - type 2 diabetes (10 pair), III - insulin treated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (34 pair), IV - diet controlled GDM (28 pair), V - obesity (7 pair), VI - control (10 pair). We compared the parameters of lipid profile of pregnant women and their newborns I-VI groups.

Results. Physiological hypercholesterolemia was detected in pregnant women of I-VI groups. Triglycerides were highest in groups I and III. The lowest C-peptide was found in group I. High triglycerides and HbA_1c in the third trimester contributed to diabetic fetopathy. Hypoglycemia was detected in groups I and II, and its severity depended on HbA_1c in the III trimester. Reduction of triglycerides and atherogenicity index was found in groups I—IV, increase in HDL - in groups III and IV. HDL was higher in newborns with diabetic fetopathy (n=44) than without it (n=56).

Conclusion. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in newborns should not be considered a positive effect of diabetes, as they reflect the action of adaptive mechanisms in the child. In the future, the lipid spectrum in children born to mothers with diabetes can change dramatically.

Keywords:gestational diabetes mellitus, macrosomia, plasma lipid

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