Clinico-morphological and immunological aspects underlying diseases of the vulva

• Kolesnikova Ekaterina V.
• Grigoriy A. Penzhoyan
• Zharov Alexsander V.

Abstract

Aim - to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis of background diseases of the vulva by studying their clinical, immunological and morphological features.

Material and methods. The study is based on the results of clinical (anamnesis, examination, vulvoscopy), morphological (vulva biopsy with histological examination) and immunological studies (TNF-α, IL-2, and INF-γ at the systemic level - peripheral blood) in patients with various manifestations of background diseases of the vulva (n=20). The control group on immunological parameters consisted of conditionally healthy women without pathology of the vulva (n=30).

Results. The division of the background processes of the vulva into 2 groups is proposed: with pronounced atrophic changes in the tissues of the external genitals and with a predominance of sclerotic tissue changes. Clear morphological criteria of two variants of the course of the pathological process are accompanied by a significantly different clinical picture, and differences in the results of the histological conclusion. In addition, the study of cytokine profile at the systemic level in the group with atrophy revealed a significant decrease in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2, and INF-γ) compared with the control; and in the group with a predominance of sclerosis - a significant increase in the levels of the same proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-2, and INF-γ) relative to the control group.

Conclusion. The obtained characteristics of cytokine status confirm the rationality of the separation of patients with the background processes of the vulva into two groups, distinguished by morphological characteristics, as well as indicate the need for further research of these currents etiology of lichen sclerosus, both from the point of view of immunological parameters, and so from the standpoint of adequate and full-fledged morphological patterns.

Keywords:miscarriage, obesity, quality of life

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